Phonosurgical resection using submucosal infusion technique for precancerous laryngeal leukoplakia

Objectives/Hypothesis

This study was designed to assess the feasibility of the submucosal infusion technique combined with microflap dissection as a radical therapeutic and diagnostic option for precancerous laryngeal leukoplakia.

Study Design

Retrospective study.

Methods

Severe dysplasia or carcinoma in situ was diagnosed after phonomicrosurgical dissections in 25 patients with unilateral laryngeal leukoplakia. Of these, 15 patients preferred no additional surgery (observation group), whereas 10 patients underwent further laser subligamental cordectomy (additional surgery group). The relationship between the initial surgical margin and histopathological characteristics of additionally excised tissues was assessed to evaluate diagnostic reliability. Disease control was assessed to determine the oncologic efficacy of the therapeutic procedure. Comparative multidimensional vocal assessments were performed in both groups to evaluate functional advantages of one-stage excision.

Results

After the initial phonomicrosurgical resection, three patients had residual dysplastic lesions near the vocal process and anterior commissure, whereas three other patients had lesions suspicious for recurrence. No postoperative malignant transformation was observed in any patient. Although well-preserved vocal function was observed in the observation group, vocal quality deteriorated shortly after laser surgery in the additional surgery group. Regarding acoustics, aerodynamics, and quality-of-life evaluations, statistically equivalent scores were observed between the observation and control groups, whereas scores were inferior in the additional surgery group than in the control group.

Conclusions

Phonomicrosurgical resection may be a therapeutic option with oncologic efficacy against precancerous laryngeal leukoplakia. This radical management might achieve more satisfactory postoperative vocal function.

Level of Evidence

NA Laryngoscope, 2016

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