Early-life gut microbiome composition and milk allergy resolution

Publication date: Available online 10 May 2016
Source:Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Supinda Bunyavanich, Nan Shen, Alexander Grishin, Robert Wood, Wesley Burks, Peter Dawson, Stacie M. Jones, Donald Leung, Hugh Sampson, Scott Sicherer, Jose C. Clemente
BackgroundGut microbiota may play a role in the natural history of cow's milk allergyObjectiveTo examine the association between early life gut microbiota and the resolution of cow's milk allergyMethodsWe studied 226 children with milk allergy who were enrolled at infancy in the Consortium of Food Allergy (CoFAR) observational study of food allergy. Fecal samples were collected at age 3-16 months, and the children were followed longitudinally with clinical evaluation, milk-specific IgE levels, and milk skin prick test performed at enrollment, 6 months, 12 months, and yearly thereafter up until age 8 years. Gut microbiome was profiled by 16s rRNA sequencing and microbiome analyses performed using QIIME (Quantitative Insights into Microbial Ecology), PICRUSt (Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States), and STAMP (Statistical Analysis of Metagenomic Profiles).ResultsMilk allergy resolved by age 8 years in 128 (56.6%) of the 226 children. Gut microbiome composition at age 3-6 months was associated with milk allergy resolution by age 8 years (PERMANOVA P = 0.047), with enrichment of Clostridia and Firmicutes in the infant gut microbiome of subjects whose milk allergy resolved. Metagenome functional prediction supported decreased fatty acid metabolism in the gut microbiome of subjects whose milk allergy resolved (η2=0.43, ANOVA P = 0.034).ConclusionsEarly infancy is a window during which gut microbiota may shape food allergy outcomes in childhood. Bacterial taxa within Clostridia and Firmicutes could be studied as probiotic candidates for milk allergy therapy.

Teaser

Examination of early-life gut microbiota in milk allergic children from a longitudinal, multicenter observational study showed that Clostridia and Firmicutes are associated with resolution of milk allergy.


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