Clinical and molecular heterogeneity of head and neck spindle cell and sclerosing rhabdomyosarcoma

Spindle cell and sclerosing rhabdomyosarcoma (sRMS/scRMS) accounting for 5–10% of all RMS, were recently reclassified as a stand-alone pathologic entity in the latest WHO classification of soft tissue tumors [1]. Spindle cell RMS was first described by the German–Italian Cooperative Sarcoma Study on the basis of its distinct clinicopathologic features and favorable outcome, resulting in separation from the more common embryonal RMS (ERMS) [2]. Sclerosing RMS was first defined by Mentzel and Katenkamp as a 'sclerosing pseudovascular RMS in adults' [3].

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