Lengthening temporalis myoplasty versus free muscle transfer with the gracilis flap for long-standing facial paralysis: A systematic review of outcomes

Long-standing facial paralysis has substantial functional, morphological, and psychological effects on the affected person. The lack of facial expression on the paralyzed side is not only an aesthetic issue but also a functional one, as the affected individual cannot communicate effectively, which may lead to social isolation. When managing facial paralysis, the primary interest focuses on reanimation of the smile and eyelid (Momeni et al., 2013). This review will focus on smile reanimation. The inability to smile is unfortunately not the only dynamic problem in the midface.

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