Evaluation of antimicrobial activities of ZnO, citric acid, and a mixture of both against Propionibacterium acnes

Abstract

Objective

In this study, antimicrobial activities of ZnO of three different particle sizes, of citric acid (CA), and of mixtures of ZnO and CA were confirmed against Propionibacterium acnes.

Methods

ZnO with the smallest particle size showed relatively high antimicrobial activity by disc diffusion assay and broth macrodilution assay. The mixtures of ZnO and CA also showed relatively high antimicrobial activity when the particle size of ZnO was the smallest. Furthermore, antimicrobial activities of ZnO, CA, and the mixtures of ZnO and CA were compared through the checkerboard assay.

Results

The results indicated that a 1:1 ratio of ZnO and CA resulted in the highest antimicrobial activity. The substances were confirmed to have synergic antimicrobial effects. With the time kill curve assay, the mixture of ZnO containing CA reduced the surviving microbial content the most after 24 h.

Conclusion

The results of our study suggest that ZnO may not only be an antimicrobial ingredient for the prevention of and treatment of acne. The results of our study suggest that ZnO may be an antimicrobial ingredient for the prevention of and treatment of acne when mixed with CA.

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