Evaluation of the Cytotoxic and Autophagic Effects of Atorvastatin on Mcf-7 Breast Cancer Cells.

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Evaluation of the Cytotoxic and Autophagic Effects of Atorvastatin on Mcf-7 Breast Cancer Cells.

Balkan Med J. 2018 Feb 27;:

Authors: Martinez TA, Zeybek ND, Müftüoğlu S

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Recently, cytotoxic effects of statins on breast cancer cells have been reported. However, the mechanism of anti-proliferative effects is currently unknown. Autophagy is a non-apoptotic programmed cell death, which is characterized by degradation of cytoplasmic components and with a role in cancer pathogenesis.
AIMS: To investigate the anti-proliferative effects of atorvastatin was on MCF-7 human breast adenocarcinoma cells in aspect of autophagy and apoptosis.
STUDY DESIGN: Cell culture study.
METHODS: Cell viability was analyzed using WST-1 cell proliferation assay. Apoptosis was determined by TUNEL method, whereas autophagy was assessed by Beclin-1 and LC3B immunofluorescence staining. Ultrastructural analysis of cells was performed by electron microscopy.
RESULTS: Atorvastatin reduced MCF-7 cell proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner inducing TUNEL, Beclin-1, and LC3B positive cells. Moreover, ultrastructural analysis showed apoptotic, autophagic and necrotic morphological changes in treatment groups. Statistically significant increase in apoptotic index was detected with increased concentrations of atorvastatin at 24h and 48h (p<0.05).
CONCLUSION: The anti-proliferative effects of atorvastatin on breast cancer cells is mediated by induction of apoptosis and autophagy which shows statins as a potential treatment option for breast cancer.

PMID: 29485098 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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